ABSTRACT
Background: Pneumonia contributes to between 7, 50,000 and 1.2 million neonatal deaths and an unknown number of stillbirths each year worldwide1. It is estimated that 3.9 million of the 10.8 million deaths in children annually worldwide occur in the first 28 days of life.2 Neonatal pneumonia can be preventable if it is diagnosed as early as possible. Early recognition and prompt management are essential for the better outcome.Aim and objective: To determine bacterial etiology of neonatal pneumonia and to study the risk factors associated with neonatal pneumonia.Methods: A prospective, descriptive study was conducted for the duration of one year from July 2014 to June 2015 in Pragna children's Hospital, a tertiary care centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. A total of 100 neonates were admitted in Pragna children's Hospital with the signs and symptoms of neonatal pneumonia. A detailed history was taken including age, obstetric history of the mother, detailed birth history including resuscitation details and gestational age assessment were evaluated.Results: Out of 100 cases, 39(39%) neonates were preterm babies and 61(61%) were term. Also found history of Prolonged Rupture of Membrane (PROM) in 22% cases, maternal fever in 18%, home deliveries in 14% and foul smelling liquor in 18%. Out of 100 cases, 51 (51%) cases had positive finding in Chest X-Ray for neonatal pneumonia and 57(57%) had pneumonia with septicemia. Out of 100 cases, 9% of cases are positive for Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS), 5% for Klebsiella pneumonia, 2% for Pseudomonas aeroginosa and the remaining 84% of the cases had no growth for any organism.Conclusions: Major predisposing factors included PROM, foul smelling liquor, maternal fever, and home deliveries. CONS was the commonest organism isolated in blood culture.
ABSTRACT
Background: Respiratory distress is a medical emergency responsible for most of the admissions in NICUs during neonatal period. It is a major contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality and results from a variety of respiratory and non-respiratory etiology. It occurs in 0.96 to 12% of live births and responsible for about 20% of neonatal mortality. Aim of study to find out the proportion of patients with different etiology of respiratory distress in neonates.Methods: The present study is a prospective, descriptive study which was carried out at neonatal units attached to SMS Medical College, Jaipur. All the neonates with respiratory distress admitted in NICU admitted from April 2012 to March 2013were selected for the present study. Detailed history including antenatal history, natal history, postnatal history with thorough clinical examinations and investigations done in each case and were recorded in the performa.Results: A total of 500 neonates were admitted and among them 375 were inborn (delivered in our hospitals) and 125 out-born (referred to our hospitals from outside). In inborn group hyaline membrane disease (HMD) was the most common cause (32%) of respiratory distress and in out-born congenital pneumonia/septicaemia (34.4%). There was male preponderance in both inborn and out-born groups with male: female ratio 1.45:1 and 1.6:1 respectively.Conclusions: Majority of cases in both inborn and out-born groups were preterm (56.8% and 54.4% respectively) which emphasises the need for care of mother during antenatal period for prevention of premature delivery.